When negotiating between China and the United States, the core demand of the US mentioned samarium cobalt magnets. Why do they rely heavily on these high-temperature magnets? Here are several main reasons.
We need to understand the advantages of this type of magnet: it is heat-resistant, corrosion-resistant, radiation-resistant, and possesses excellent magnetic properties. It is widely used in military, aerospace, robotics, and other fields.
The United States urgently requires these magnets primarily due to limited alternatives and military and aerospace demands. China is the primary supplier of samarium-cobalt permanent magnets.
Radially Magnetized Nickel-Plated Samarium-Cobalt Round Magnets

China is the world's largest producer and exporter of rare earth metals, and the raw materials samarium and cobalt for samarium-cobalt magnets also primarily come from China. Within the global supply chain, China occupies a central position, making the United States highly dependent on China's production of samarium-cobalt magnets.
The high magnetic performance of samarium-cobalt magnets enables their extensive application in military and aerospace sectors, particularly in high-precision, high-reliability equipment such as missiles, satellites, fighter jets, and radar systems. The United States' reliance on these technological domains further increases its demand for samarium-cobalt magnets.
In terms of substitutes, there are no good alternative materials. Due to the need to meet stability, corrosion resistance, and high magnetic strength under high temperature conditions, neodymium iron boron cannot be completely replaced. Therefore, the United States needs to rely on imports to meet its special field needs.
The above outlines several reasons why the United States relies heavily on China's samarium-cobalt magnets. While the U.S. is accelerating efforts to build its own rare earth supply chain, establishing a complete, price-competitive rare earth industry capable of competing with China remains a long and arduous journey.
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